Since current treatment for vulvodynia is controversial and only partially effective, the therapeutic implications of a somatoform etiology are of considerable importance.

Vulval carcinoma associated with vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, differentiated type is more likely to recur than vulval carcinoma associated with vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, usual type.

Yeast culture should be considered the gold standard for identifying vulvovaginal candidiasis in persistent recurrent cases because wet mount analysis and patient symptoms are not reliable.

Women found superficial vestibule surgery to be very acceptable, and it should be considered as one step in a therapeutic plan for treatment of entry dyspareunia.

Women with primary vestibulodynia had a significant increase in umbilical sensitivity (a substantially lower pain threshold) compared with women with secondary vestibulodynia and a control group.

Langerhans� cell histiocytosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in females who present with chronic pruritus, pain, ulcerations, nodules or intermittent rashes unresponsive to treatment.

Our study indicates a good outcome and patient satisfaction in patients with stage III vulvar hidradenitis suppurativa treated with radical excision and interval split-thickness skin grafting.

There was a significant association between a positive Pap smear finding and signs, symptoms or treatment for vaginitis overall.

Vestibulectomy is an effective long-term treatment for localized provoked vulvodynia with high patient satisfaction rates.

Self-collected samples are as likely to detect HPV DNA as those collected by a health care practitioner.

Surgical correction of procidentia can improve bilateral ureteric obstruction of a partially duplicated collecting system.